-Two phase liquid cooling

The phase change of the cooling liquid occurs in the circulation heat dissipation. The heat transfer efficiency of two-phase liquid cooling is higher, but the control is relatively complex. The pressure will change during the phase change process, which requires high requirements on the container, and the cooling liquid is easy to be polluted during use.

-Single phase liquid cooling

The cooling liquid is always in the liquid state during the circulating heat dissipation process, and no phase change occurs. Therefore, the boiling point of the cooling liquid is required to be high. Thus, the control of volatilization and loss of the cooling liquid is relatively simple, and the compatibility with components of IT equipment is relatively good. However, compared with two-phase liquid cooling, its efficiency is lower. According to the actual application scenario, dry cooler or cooling tower can be used for heat dissipation.

 coolant

Water

Liquid cooling is the most direct and the lowest cost. Water is not an insulator and can only be used for indirect contact liquid cooling. Once a leak occurs, the damage to it equipment such as servers will be fatal.

mineral oil

Mineral oil is also a good and inexpensive coolant. Single phase mineral oil is non-toxic, tasteless and non-volatile. High viscosity, easy to form residues on the equipment surface. Although the ignition point is high, it is possible to burn under certain specific conditions.

Fluorinated liquid

The biggest feature is insulation and non combustible. It is one of the safest liquid cooling technologies in the data center. It is widely used at present. But the price is high.

Liquid cooling technology is mainly used in the field of high performance computing. With the development of data center to high density and high power, the traditional air cooling technology can not fully meet its heat dissipation requirements. These are the main factors that promote the sinking of liquid cooling technology. Liquid cooling technology can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the data center. For example, the pue of many immersive liquid cooling data centers can even reach an amazing 1.03-1.05. However, the pue value of air-cooled system data centers of the same scale is still between 1.3 and 1.5.

In addition to the traditional large-scale data centers, with the advent of the edge computing era, about 20% of the edge end data centers will also use liquid cooling technology. The data center with liquid cooling system can recover the investment in the refrigeration system within two to three years after completion, and the electricity saved in the later period can be regarded as its income. And the larger the size of the data center, the better the effect.